# 24.15 MNE Spillovers and Local Export Dynamics in China: The Role of Relatedness and Forward-Backward Linkages

Yibo Qiao, Nicola Cortinovis & Andrea Morrison 

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Abstract:

This article investigates how MNEs influence the export behavior of domestic firms in the context of China. We conceptually disentangle different MNE spillovers related to local export dynamics, linking in a unique framework specific spillover mechanisms, channels, activation conditions and type of knowledge conveyed. Empirically, our analysis relies on a panel dataset containing all Chinese manufacturing firms in the period 2000-2007. The results show that relatedness linkages matter in the context of export quantity, while forward-backward linkages matter for the sophistication of export. These findings suggest that relatedness linkages convey mainly marketing-related knowledge spillovers, while forward-backward linkages are diffusing mainly product-related knowledge spillovers.

# 13.27 Export diversification in the product space and regional growth: Evidence from Russia

Sergey Kadochnikov and Anna Fedyunina

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This study investigates the relationship between export structure and economic growth in Russian regions. We hypothesize that it is not industry variety per se but the variety of related industries located relatively close to each other in the product space that significantly contributes to economic growth in Russian regions. The empirical analysis presented in the paper confirms that the density of the product space around the products for which a region had a comparative advantage determined the economic development in Russian regions in the 2003-2008 period. We conclude that the presence of a local related variety of industries in a region is one of the most important regional factors in economic development.